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The Importance of Mindfulness for Students in Bangladesh

by ArticleBlog

The Importance of Mindfulness for Students in Bangladesh

As I have been serving as a teacher for several years, I have observed that students in our country are under immense pressure to succeed academically. With a highly competitive education system and limited opportunities, it can be easy for students to feel overwhelmed and stressed. However, practicing mindfulness can help students stay focused and centered, and ultimately lead to greater success.

  1. What is Mindfulness? 

Mindfulness is the practice of being present and fully engaged in the current moment, without judgment or distraction. This means paying attention to your thoughts, emotions, and physical sensations, and staying focused on the task at hand.

  1. How Does Mindfulness Work?

Mindfulness works by training the brain to focus on the present moment, rather than dwelling on the past or worrying about the future. This involves paying attention to one’s thoughts, emotions, and physical sensations without judgment, and acknowledging them without becoming overwhelmed by them. By practicing mindfulness regularly, students in Bangladesh can develop a greater sense of self-awareness and learn to manage their thoughts and emotions in a more constructive way.

Studies have shown that mindfulness can actually change the brain’s neural pathways, resulting in increased activity in regions associated with positive emotions and decreased activity in regions associated with negative emotions. This can lead to a greater sense of well-being and reduced stress levels. Additionally, mindfulness has been found to have a positive impact on the immune system, resulting in improved physical health.

In short, mindfulness works by rewiring the brain to focus on the present moment and manage thoughts and emotions in a more positive and constructive way. With regular practice, students in Bangladesh can reap the many benefits of mindfulness and improve their overall well-being.

  1. Importance of Mindfulness for Students in Bangladesh

There are several benefits of mindfulness for students in Bangladesh, including:

  • Improved academic performance: When students practice mindfulness, they learn to tune out distractions and stay focused on their studies, which can lead to improved academic performance.
  • Reduced stress and anxiety: Mindfulness can help students manage the stress and anxiety that often comes with a highly competitive education system.
  • Increased self-awareness: By practicing mindfulness, students can become more aware of their thoughts and emotions, and develop a greater sense of self-awareness.
  • Improved mental health: Mindfulness can also improve mental health by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.

According to a report published by the Dhaka Tribune, the demand for mindfulness and meditation programs has increased by 50% in the last five years in Bangladesh. The report highlights that people from various backgrounds, including students, professionals, and homemakers, are seeking mindfulness practices to improve their mental health and well-being. The report suggests that the increasing demand for mindfulness programs in Bangladesh indicates a growing awareness of the importance of mental health and well-being.

  1. How to Practice Mindfulness: There are several ways that students in Bangladesh can practice mindfulness, including:
  • Meditation: Taking a few minutes each day to meditate can help students stay centered and focused.
  • Breathing exercises: Deep breathing exercises can help students calm their minds and reduce stress.
  • Mindful eating: Eating mindfully, by paying attention to the taste, texture, and aroma of food, can help students develop a greater appreciation for the present moment.
  • Mindful walking: Taking a walk and being fully present at the moment can help students reduce stress and improve their mental health.

In conclusion, mindfulness is a valuable tool for students in Bangladesh that can help them stay focused, reduce stress, and ultimately achieve greater academic success. As a teacher, I encourage my students to practice mindfulness regularly, and I have seen firsthand the positive impact it can have on their lives. By taking just a few minutes each day to practice mindfulness, students in Bangladesh can improve their mental health and overall well-being. So, I urge all students to give mindfulness a try and see the positive effects for themselves.

Benojir Tabassum

Instructor

Business Studies

Daffodil Polytechnic Institute

Reference: Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences. Mindfulness: A Promising Tool for Mental Health Promotion (2021).

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Relation between detail area plan & working drawing

by ArticleBlog

A detailed area plan and a working drawing are two different types of drawings used in the field of architecture and engineering section. However, there is a relationship between them as they provide important information about a construction project.

Detail area plan:

A detailed area plan is a type of architectural or engineering drawing that provides an overview of a specific area, such as a building floor, site or landscape. It is a detailed graphical representation that includes all the important information about the area, including the location of walls, doors, windows, and other structural elements.

A detailed area plan can also include information about the materials and finishes to be used in the area, as well as the dimensions and measurements of each element. It is typically used by architects, designers, and engineers to communicate their design ideas to clients, stakeholders, and contractors.

                                                                         Fig: Detail area plan

Working Drawing Plan:

Architectural working drawings are technical drawings created by architects and architectural drafters that provide detailed and precise information about the design of a building. These drawings are used to communicate design specifications and construction details to contractors, builders, and other professionals involved in the construction process.

Architectural working drawings typically include floor plans, elevations, sections, and details. Floor plans show the layout of the building and the location of walls, doors, windows, and other elements. Elevations show the vertical appearance of the building and the location of the doors, windows, and other openings. Sections show a cut-through view of the building, which reveals the interior structure and details. Details provide specific information about the construction and materials used for various building elements, such as the roof, walls, and foundation.

Architectural working drawings serve as a critical communication tool between the design team and the construction team, ensuring that the building is constructed according to the designer’s specifications and requirements. They are also important for obtaining necessary permits and approvals from local authorities and for estimating project costs.

                                                                        Fig: working drawing plan

Relation between detail area plan & working drawing plan:

The detail area plan is a type of drawing that provides detailed information about a specific area or component of a building, while working drawings are a set of technical illustrations that provide precise and accurate information about the design and construction of a building. The detail area plan is typically included as part of the set of working drawings, and it provides a more detailed view of a particular area or feature than is shown in other types of drawings. Both detail area plans and working drawings are important tools for architects and builders, as they provide essential information about the design and construction of a building. 

In summary, the detail area plan is a type of working drawing that provides detailed information about a specific area or feature of the building. It is a component of the set of working drawings that is used to provide precise and accurate information about the design and construction of the building.

                                                                                                                                                            Reference- Google

Writer-

Shanta Islam

Architecture/AIDT Department

Instructor, Daffodil Polytechnic Institute

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Making a Successful Resume and Cover Letter for Bangladeshi Diploma Engineers

by ArticleBlog

Having a strong CV and cover letter is essential while trying to land a job as a diploma engineer in Bangladesh. You can stand out from the competition and improve your chances of being noticed by potential employers by creating a powerful resume and cover letter. The following advice will be to create a resume and cover letter that will stand out.

Create a resume and cover letter specifically for the position you’re looking for. Spend some time researching the position you are looking for before you begin to write your resume and cover letter. Find out what qualities and talents the company is looking for, and make sure to highlight them in your cover letter and CV. This will demonstrate to the company that you are aware of the job’s criteria and that you possess the qualifications they are seeking in a candidate.

For instance, if you’re seeking a position in textile engineering, be sure to emphasize your familiarity with fabric testing, quality control, and textile production procedures. In your resume, if you’re searching for a position in computer engineering, be sure to emphasize your knowledge of coding languages and software development tools. 

Emphasize your understanding of project management, safety laws, and building materials when applying for positions in civil engineering.

Consider your accomplishments rather than just your work responsibilities.

Instead of merely seeing a list of your obligations, employers want to know what you have actually done in past positions. Make careful to draw attention to particular accomplishments that showcase your talents and abilities while writing your resume and cover letter. Included here are any accomplishments that demonstrate your prospective worth to the company, such as projects you’ve finished, accolades you’ve won, or other recognition.

If you are a textile engineer, for instance, you may discuss a project where you improved the production procedure to decrease waste and boost efficiency. If you are a computer engineer, describe a project where you created new software that increased productivity or fixed a particular issue. Mention a project where you planned and managed the construction of a building or piece of infrastructure if you are a civil engineer.

Use the job description’s terms and phrases.

Many businesses analyze cover letters and resume for particular words and phrases using automated algorithms. Use keywords and phrases from the job description in your cover letter and CV to improve your chances of being found by these algorithms.

This will demonstrate to the company that you possess the abilities and credentials they are seeking.

Make sure to highlight your expertise with CAD software in your resume and cover letter, for instance, if the job description stresses the requirement for understanding of CAD software for textile engineering. Make sure to mention your experience with Java programming in your resume and cover letter if the job description highlights the requirement for Java programming skills for computer engineering. Make sure to indicate your familiarity with building codes in your resume and cover letter if the job description highlights the requirement for understanding building codes for civil engineers.

Draw attention to your soft abilities.

In addition to technical skills and qualifications, employers are also looking for candidates with strong soft skills. Soft skills are personal attributes that enable you to interact effectively with others and include skills like communication, teamwork, leadership, and problem-solving.

Make sure to highlight your soft skills in your resume and cover letter. For example, if you’re a textile engineer, mention your ability to work effectively in a team environment and your strong communication skills. If you’re a computer engineer, mention your ability to troubleshoot problems and your experience leading a team of developers. If you’re a civil engineer, mention your experience with project management and your ability to work under pressure.

Use a professional format and design.

Finally, make sure that your resume and cover letter have a professional format and design.

Highlight Your Technical Abilities: Demonstrating your technical abilities in your resume may have a big influence. Technical skills are essential for diploma engineers in Bangladesh. An architect, for instance, would promote their proficiency with AutoCAD, Revit, and SketchUp, whereas an automobile engineer might do so by highlighting their familiarity with automotive software like MATLAB and Simulink.

Display Your Professional Success: Employers in Bangladesh are interested in applicants who have contributed significantly to their prior businesses. For instance, civil engineers can discuss their involvement in the planning of a significant infrastructure project or their contribution to the creation of a new technology. These accomplishments can help you stand out from the competition and enhance your candidacy.

Employers in Bangladesh frequently use applicant tracking systems (ATS) to review resumes, so make use of the keywords from the job description. Include pertinent keywords from the job description in your resume and cover letter to boost your chances of being called in for an interview. An electrical engineer, for instance, may use the terms “power distribution,” “control systems,” and “circuit design” to highlight their proficiency.

Personalize Your Cover Letter and Resume: Employers in Bangladesh value candidates who take the time to tailor their application materials to the particulars of the position because every job application is different.

. For instance, a car engineer asking for a research and development post might emphasize their prototype and testing experience, whereas an architect engineer applying for a project management position can emphasize their leadership and organizational abilities.

Strong action verbs should be included in your resume and cover letter to demonstrate your abilities and expertise. Use stronger verbs like “designed,” “implemented,” and “managed” in place of weak verbs like “assisted” or “worked on.” A civil engineer, for instance, may use the action verb “oversaw” to indicate their function as a team leader of construction workers.

You may increase your chances of getting hired as a diploma engineer in Bangladesh by including these suggestions in your resume and cover letter, regardless of whether you have a professional background in architectural engineering, civil engineering, or car engineering.

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Patio cover roofing materials

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প্যাটিও কভার ছাদ উপকরণ

আপনি কি আপনার সপ্তাহান্তে আরাম করে কাটাতে চান বা আউটডোর খেলাধুলায় ব্যস্ত থাকতে চান? আপনি ঘুম থেকে উঠলে পাখির ডাক শুনতে চান? এখানে আপনার সমাধান! আপনার সুন্দর পরিকল্পিত বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণটি ঠিক এটাই প্রদান করবে। তবে বেশিরভাগ বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ খোলা, যা আপনার উপভোগকে সীমাবদ্ধ করে।

তাই আপনার থিমের সাথে মেলে এবং রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ করা সহজ যেকোন উপযুক্ত, দীর্ঘস্থায়ী উপাদানে আপনার বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার করার সময়। আপনি যখন আপনার বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার করার সিদ্ধান্ত নেন, আপনার কোন অভিজ্ঞতা না থাকলে আপনার বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভারের জন্য কোন উপাদানটি সেরা তা নির্ধারণ করা কঠিন।

বিভিন্ন ধরণের প্যাটিও কভার বিভিন্ন উপকরণ, আকার এবং আকারে পাওয়া যায়। চিন্তা করবেন না; আমরা আপনার জন্য সেরা বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার নির্ধারণে আপনাকে সহায়তা করব!

যাইহোক, আপনি একটি বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার চয়ন করার আগে, নিম্নলিখিত বিবেচনা করুন:

বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণের ছাদের উপকরণগুলি অবশ্যই দীর্ঘস্থায়ী এবং চরম আবহাওয়া সহ্য করার জন্য যথেষ্ট শক্তিশালী হতে হবে।

বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ উপাদান কাঠামো বাকি মেলে আবশ্যক।

বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ উপকরণ প্রত্যাশিত হিসাবে সঞ্চালন আবশ্যক

বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার উপকরণ তালিকা 

  1. পলিকার্বোনেট
  2. কাঠ
  3. অ্যালুমিনিয়াম
  4. ধাতু
  5. ভিনাইল
  6. ফ্যাব্রিক
  7. বোনা বাঁশ
  8. গ্লাস

1. পলিকার্বোনেট প্যাটিও কভার

পলিকার্বোনেট প্যাটিও কভার প্যানেল আকারে পাওয়া যায়। এই উপাদান তাপ এবং UV প্রতিরোধী, যা আপনাকে গ্রীষ্মে ঠান্ডা থাকতে সাহায্য করে। এই হালকা উপাদান ক্র্যাক বা ভাঙ্গা ছাড়া অনেক চাপ সহ্য করার জন্য যথেষ্ট শক্ত।

2.কাঠের বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার

আপনি যদি প্রকৃতিকে ভালোবাসেন এবং আপনার বাড়িতে এটিকে জড়িত করতে চান তবে একটি কাঠের প্যাটিও কভার সবচেয়ে ভাল। কাঠের প্যাটিও কভার শক্তিশালী এবং দীর্ঘস্থায়ী হয়। এই বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার একটি স্বাগত এবং উষ্ণ বহিরঙ্গন স্থান তৈরি করে।

3. অ্যালুমিনিয়াম প্যাটিও কভার

অ্যালুমিনিয়াম প্যাটিও কভার হালকা এবং টেকসই। এই উপাদানটির উচ্চ মূল্য ন্যায্য কারণ এটি অত্যন্ত টেকসই। এই উপাদানটি ঘোরানো, ফাটল বা কাঠের মতো মোড়ানো যাবে না।

4. মেটাল প্যাটিও কভার

মেটাল প্যাটিও কভার সাধারণত অ্যালুমিনিয়াম দিয়ে তৈরি। এই উপাদানটিও শক্তিশালী এবং দীর্ঘস্থায়ী, পলিকার্বোনেটের মতো। যাইহোক, কারণ এটি কঠোর আবহাওয়ার অবস্থার প্রতিরোধী নয়, এই বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ কভার উপাদান অন্যান্য বহিঃপ্রাঙ্গণ উপকরণ তুলনায় আরো রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ প্রয়োজন.

জয়ন্ত চন্দ্র 

ইন্সট্রাক্টর 

ড্যাফোডিল পলিটেকনিক ইনস্টিটিউট

submarine communications cable

Submarine Communication Cable: Global Data Connectivity

by Blog

submarine communication cables are the backbone of global telecommunications, laying the foundation for instant communication between continents. Beginning in the 1850s, these undersea cables have evolved to meet modern technological demands. The first transatlantic telegraph cable, operational on August 16, 1858, marked the dawn of global connectivity. Today, submarine communication cables continue to advance, playing a crucial role in data transmission across the world’s oceans.

Structure of Modern Submarine Communication Cables

A modern submarine communication cable is a sophisticated piece of technology. Here’s a breakdown of its structure:

1  Polyethylene: This outer layer provides mechanical protection.

2   Mylar Tape: Adds further insulation and protection.

3   Stranded Steel Wires: Strengthens the cable and protects it against physical stresses.

4   Aluminum Water Barrier: Prevents water ingress.

5   Polycarbonate: Provides another layer of insulation.

6   Copper or Aluminum Tube: Houses the petroleum jelly and optical fibers.

7   Petroleum Jelly: Offers additional protection to the fibers.

8   Optical Fibers: The core component that transmits data using light signals.

These cables ensure the seamless transfer of data across vast distances, contributing to the Internet and other communication networks.

Environmental Impact of Undersea Communication Cables

The placement of submarine communication cables in the benthic zone, where most marine life resides, has raised environmental concerns. However, studies conducted in 2003 and 2006 showed minimal impact on marine ecosystems. Sampling of sediment around cables revealed little difference in organism diversity or abundance compared to areas without cables. Interestingly, cables often provide attachment points for anemones, enhancing local biodiversity.

From 1877 to 1955, there were 16 recorded instances of whales becoming entangled in cables. Modern advancements in cable-laying techniques, particularly with fiber-optic and coaxial cables, have eliminated these risks, making submarine communication cables safer for marine life. 

Cable Layer Ships: The Backbone of Undersea Communication Networks

Cable layers, or cable ships, are specialized vessels designed to lay and repair submarine communication cables. There are two primary types:

  • Cable Repair Ships: Smaller and more maneuverable, these ships, like the Japanese Tsugaru Maru, are primarily tasked with fixing broken cables.
  • Cable-Laying Ships: Larger and less maneuverable, these ships, such as Long Lines, are designed to lay new cables quickly and efficiently. They are equipped with linear cable engines (LCE) and large cable storage drums, allowing for the rapid deployment of cables.

The modern cable ships have evolved from their predecessors, featuring advanced technology that allows for faster and more precise cable installation for developing industry.

Submarine Cable Technology: AC vs. DC

Most submarine cables are designed for alternating current (AC) transmission at medium or high voltages, up to 132kV. However, direct current (DC) cables are also used in certain applications, particularly for long-distance power transmission.

Bangladesh’s Submarine Communication Cables

3rd submarine cable in Bangladesh    : Cox’s Bazar

The cable will have core landing stations in Singapore, India, Djibouti, Egypt and France. The Bangladesh branch will stretch to the cable landing station in Cox’s Bazar through the Bay of Bengal. On March 27, 2004, the Government of Bangladesh signed an agreement for the construction and maintenance of submarine cables in Dubai.  Through this agreement with South-East-Asia-Middle-East-West Europe-4 (SEA-ME-WE-4) consortium of  16 telecom companies from 14 countries, Bangladesh has entered the super highway of information technology.  The Bangladesh section is 1,240 km long in this 22,000 km connection line from Marseille, France to Singapore.  Bangladesh joins this network at Cox’s Bazar.  The government has to bear the cost of laying optical fiber from Dhaka and Chittagong to Cox’s Bazar for a distance of 170 km.  On 21 May 2006, Bangladesh joined the information technology giant through the laying of submarine cable.

submarine communications cable

Bangladesh can join new submarines by 2021.  Bangladesh has joined the new C-ME-6 consortium for its third submarine cable.

The entrepreneurs of this consortium have already been informed officially by letter that Bangladesh is staying in this cable.  SEA-ME-WE (SEA-ME-WE) is an abbreviation for Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Western Europe.As the cable is laid through this area, each cable is named as such.  Such as C-Me-Wee 4, C-Me-Wee 5.  The region’s countries in the latest C-ME-5 consortium included Bangladesh, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, UAE, Djibouti, Egypt, Turkey, Italy, France, Myanmar,  Yemen.

These 19 countries are connected to it through 19 landing points.  The new CMI-6 consortium will also include countries from Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Western Europe.

Now the bandwidth usage in the country has touched one thousand Gbps.  At the end of November 2018, the total number of active internet connections in the country stood at 9.18 million.  Out of which 86.2 million are connected through mobile phones.

Although there are only 57 lakh 35 thousand in number, most of the internet bandwidth is used through broadband.  Apart from this, there are 61,000 WiMAX connections.  tech city 

Durgam has been connected to the national grid by laying 33 kV (kilovolt) overhead line from Cox’s Bazar’s Matarbari sub-station through river crossing towers, 5 km double circuit 33 KV submarine cable with fiber optic under Kutubdia channel and commissioning of 33/11 KV substation at Kutubdia Island.  Island. 3 days ago. 

Conclusion

Submarine communication cables are critical to our global communication infrastructure, connecting continents and enabling the rapid exchange of information. As technology advances, these cables will continue to play an essential role in the global digital ecosystem. Understanding their structure, impact, and the role of cable layer ships can help appreciate the intricate network that supports our modern way of life.

Shuva Sarker

Jr. Instructor, Daffodil Polytechnic Institute 

Telecommunication Technology 

how to develop English speaking skills

How to Develop English Speaking Skills: A Comprehensive Guide

by Blog

English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, and mastering it can unlock countless opportunities, both personally and professionally. Whether you want to advance in your career, travel more easily, or simply communicate better with others, learning how to develop English speaking skills is a valuable pursuit. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore practical and effective strategies to help you develop your English speaking skills. We’ll cover everything from foundational tips to advanced techniques, all optimized to ensure you not only learn but retain what you practice.

how to develop English speaking skills

Why Developing English Speaking Skills Is Important

Before diving into the specific steps, it’s essential to understand why improving your English speaking skills is so crucial. In today’s globalized world, English serves as a bridge between cultures, countries, and communities. Whether you’re engaging in business negotiations, socializing with friends from different backgrounds, or consuming media, English is often the medium of communication.

Moreover, strong English speaking skills can significantly boost your confidence. When you’re able to express yourself clearly and effectively, you’re more likely to participate in conversations, share your ideas, and build stronger relationships. This confidence can translate into better job prospects, academic success, and a richer social life.

Practical Tips: How to Improve Your English Speaking Skills

1. Start with the Basics: Vocabulary and Grammar

Understanding how to improve English speaking skills begins with building a strong vocabulary. Start by focusing on everyday words and phrases that you’ll use frequently. Utilize flashcards, mobile apps, and language learning platforms like Duolingo or Memrise to reinforce your learning.

Grammar is just as crucial. While fluency may allow for some flexibility, having a solid grasp of English grammar will help you construct sentences accurately. Focus on the basics, such as tenses, sentence structure, and subject-verb agreement, before advancing to more complex rules.

2. Practice Pronunciation Regularly

Pronunciation can be one of the most challenging aspects of learning English, especially if your native language has different sounds. To improve your pronunciation:

  • Listen to Native Speakers: Watch movies, listen to podcasts, or tune into English-language news channels. Pay attention to how words are pronounced, and try to mimic the sounds as closely as possible.
  • Use Pronunciation Tools: Websites like Forvo, Pronuncian or apps like ELSA Speak can be invaluable in helping you practice and perfect your pronunciation.
  • Record Yourself: Recording your voice and listening back can help you identify areas for improvement. It might feel awkward initially, but it’s an effective method for self-correction.

3. Engage in Active Listening

Active listening is more than just hearing words; it’s about understanding the context, tone, and intent behind them. This skill is essential in learning how to improve English speaking skills:

  • Watch English Media: Whether it’s movies, TV shows, or YouTube videos, immerse yourself in English media. Try to follow along without subtitles initially, then watch again with them to catch any missed words.
  • Listen to Podcasts or Audiobooks: These are great for on-the-go learning. Choose topics you’re interested in to keep yourself engaged while improving your English speaking skills.
  • Practice Shadowing: This technique involves listening to a sentence and then immediately repeating it. It’s a powerful method used by language learners to improve pronunciation, rhythm, and intonation.

4. Speak as Much as Possible

The most effective way to improve your English speaking skills is to speak as often as possible. Here’s how you can incorporate speaking practice into your daily routine:

  • Find a Language Partner: Look for language exchange partners who want to learn your native language while helping you with English. Apps like Tandem or HelloTalk are perfect for this purpose.
  • Join English-Speaking Groups: Many cities have English-speaking clubs or groups where you can practice in a social setting. If you can’t find one nearby, consider joining online groups or forums.
  • Practice with Technology: Use voice assistants like Siri or Google Assistant to ask questions and practice your speaking skills. They’re surprisingly good at understanding various accents and can provide immediate feedback.

5. Think in English

One of the barriers to fluent speaking is the constant translation in your head. To overcome this, start thinking in English. This might sound difficult, but with practice, it becomes second nature.

  • Narrate Your Day: As you go about your daily activities, try describing what you’re doing in English. This will help you build a mental vocabulary that you can easily access during conversations.
  • Plan Conversations: Before engaging in a conversation, especially in English, think about what you want to say. This helps structure your thoughts and reduces the chances of freezing up.

6. Use Technology to Your Advantage

There are countless tools available today that can aid in your journey to improve your English speaking skills:

  • Language Learning Apps: Apps like Babbel, Rosetta Stone, and FluentU offer structured lessons that focus on both speaking and listening skills.
  • Speech Recognition Software: Tools like Google Translate’s conversation mode allow you to practice speaking and receive instant feedback.
  • Virtual Reality (VR): Some platforms offer VR experiences where you can practice speaking in simulated environments, like ordering food in a restaurant or asking for directions.

7. Focus on Fluency, Not Accuracy

While it’s important to speak correctly, don’t let the fear of making mistakes hold you back. Fluency comes from practice, and practice involves making errors. The more you speak, the more comfortable you’ll become, and over time, your accuracy will improve as well.

8. Learn Idioms and Colloquialisms

Native English speakers often use idioms and colloquial expressions that can be confusing for learners. Understanding these phrases will not only improve your comprehension but also make your speech sound more natural.

  • Use Idiom Dictionaries: There are numerous online resources that explain the meanings of idioms and provide examples of how to use them.
  • Watch Local Content: Watching content from different English-speaking countries (like the UK, US, or Australia) can expose you to regional expressions and slang.

9. Get Feedback from Native Speakers

Getting constructive feedback is also crucial when you’re learning to speak English, as it helps you identify areas where you can improve. Native speakers can help you identify areas for improvement that you might not notice yourself.

  • Take Online Courses: Platforms like iTalki or Preply allow you to take one-on-one lessons with native speakers who can give you personalized feedback.
  • Participate in Forums: Engage in online forums or communities where native speakers are active. Sites like Reddit have numerous language learning subreddits where you can ask questions and get feedback.

10. Be Patient and Persistent

Language learning is a marathon, not a sprint. Be patient with yourself and celebrate small wins as you progress. Set realistic goals, and keep in mind that improvement doesn’t happen overnight. The key to learning how to develop English speaking skills is consistency and persistence.

  • Keep a Learning Journal: Track your progress by noting new words, phrases, and expressions you’ve learned. Reflecting on your journey can be a great motivator.
  • Stay Consistent: Try to practice speaking every day, even if it’s just for a few minutes. Consistency is key to improvement and mastering how to improve your English speaking skills.

Conclusion: The Journey to Mastery

Improving your English speaking skills is a journey that requires dedication, practice, and a willingness to step out of your comfort zone. By following the tips and strategies outlined in this guide on how to improve English speaking skills, you can steadily enhance your proficiency and confidence in speaking English. Remember, the aim is to communicate effectively, not to be perfect. With time, patience, and persistence, you’ll find yourself speaking English with greater ease and fluency.

Embark on your journey today and discover how to develop English speaking skills that will transform your life. As your skills improve, you’ll open up new opportunities and broaden your horizons. By focusing on these practical steps and incorporating them into your daily routine, you’ll gradually improve your English speaking skills. The key is to practice consistently, stay patient, and embrace the learning process.

Name: Mst. Sazia Zarin Sarker

Designation: Instructor, Daffodil Polytechnic Institute

Department: English

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The Sceptical Chymist

by Blog

The Sceptical Chymist is a chemistry blog hosted by the prestigious scientific journal, Nature Chemistry. The blog features articles on various aspects of chemistry, including research news, interviews, opinion pieces, and book reviews. It was created to provide a platform for chemists and science writers to discuss and analyze developments in the field of chemistry, as well as broader issues facing the scientific community.

 The blog is named after a book by Robert Boyle, a 17th-century chemist and philosopher, who was known for his skepticism and empirical approach to scientific inquiry. The book, “The Skeptical Chymist,” challenged the prevailing theories of alchemy and introduced the concept of the scientific method, which has since become a cornerstone of modern chemistry.

The Sceptical Chymist blog features contributions from a diverse group of writers, including chemists, science journalists, and educators. The articles cover a wide range of topics, from cutting-edge research in chemistry to broader issues affecting the scientific community. Some of the most popular topics covered in the blog include chemical reactions, materials science, drug discovery, and environmental chemistry.

 

One of the blog’s strengths is its focus on communicating complex scientific concepts in an accessible and engaging way. The writers use a mix of humor, storytelling, and visual aids to make chemistry interesting and understandable to a broad audience. For example, one recent article used popular TV shows like “Breaking Bad” and “Stranger Things” to explain the chemistry behind various plot points

Another important aspect of The Sceptical Chymist is its commitment to promoting diversity and inclusion in chemistry. The blog features articles and interviews with chemists from diverse backgrounds, and it explores issues related to gender, race, and other forms of identity in the field of chemistry. This focus on inclusivity is important, as it helps to broaden participation in the scientific community and ensures that a wider range of perspectives are represented.

 In conclusion, The Sceptical Chymist is an engaging and informative chemistry blog that provides a platform for chemists and science writers to share their knowledge and insights with a wider audience. Its commitment to promoting diversity and inclusivity in the field of chemistry is also commendable, and it makes the blog an important resource for anyone interested in the latest developments in chemistry and the scientific community more broadly.

Image Source: Google

Written By

Mst.Dowlaton nesa

Jr.Istructor

Daffodil polytechnic institute

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Electronics For You: The Ultimate Resource for Electronics Enthusiasts

by ArticleBlog

Electronics is a vast and rapidly-evolving field that encompasses everything from circuit design and programming to IoT and automation. With so much to learn and keep up with, it can be challenging for electronics enthusiasts to stay up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies. That’s where Electronics For You comes in.

Electronics For You is a comprehensive resource for electronics enthusiasts of all levels. Whether you’re a hobbyist, a student, or a professional engineer, you’ll find something of value on this blog. From articles on circuit design and programming to news about the latest electronics products and technologies, Electronics For You covers it all.

One of the main strengths of Electronics For You is its coverage of circuit design. Whether you’re just starting out or you’re an experienced engineer, you’ll find articles and tutorials that are tailored to your level of expertise. For beginners, there are articles on basic circuit concepts, such as voltage, current, and resistance. For more advanced readers, there are articles on topics like PCB layout and signal integrity.

In addition to circuit design, Electronics For You also covers programming, which is an essential skill for anyone who wants to work in electronics. Whether you’re interested in embedded systems programming or software development, you’ll find articles that cover everything from the basics of coding to advanced techniques and tools.

Another area that Electronics For You covers extensively is the Internet of Things (IoT). With more and more devices being connected to the internet every day, it’s becoming increasingly important for electronics enthusiasts to understand how IoT works and how to develop IoT-enabled devices. Electronics For You provides a wealth of information on IoT, including articles on IoT architecture, protocols, and security.

Of course, staying up-to-date with the latest electronics products and technologies is also important, and Electronics For You excels in this area as well. The blog features news and reviews of the latest electronics products, including everything from microcontrollers and sensors to smartphones and laptops.

Overall, Electronics For You is an essential resource for anyone who is interested in electronics. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced engineer, you’ll find something of value on this blog. So if you’re looking to stay up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies in electronics, be sure to check out Electronics For You.

Electronics For You has been around since 1969, and it has a long history of providing valuable content to electronics enthusiasts. The blog is published by EFY Enterprises Pvt. Ltd., which is based in India. EFY Enterprises is a leading publisher of electronics magazines, books, and other resources, and Electronics For You is one of their flagship publications.

One of the things that sets Electronics For You apart from other electronics blogs is its focus on practical, hands-on content. The blog features articles and tutorials that are designed to help readers learn by doing. For example, there are articles on building your own projects, using open-source tools, and troubleshooting common problems.

Electronics For You also has a strong community aspect. The blog features a forum where readers can ask questions, share their own projects, and connect with other electronics enthusiasts. There are also regular contests and challenges that encourage readers to build and share their own projects.

In addition to the blog, Electronics For You also publishes a monthly magazine that covers a wide range of electronics topics. The magazine features in-depth articles, interviews with industry experts, and reviews of the latest electronics products. There are also special editions of the magazine that focus on specific topics, such as robotics, embedded systems, and power electronics.

Overall, Electronics For You is a comprehensive resource that covers all aspects of electronics, from circuit design and programming to IoT and automation. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced engineer, you’ll find valuable information and resources on this blog. So if you’re passionate about electronics and want to stay up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies, be sure to check out Electronics For You.

Written By,

Pulak Biswas

Instructor, Electrical Technology.

Daffodil Polytechnic Institute.

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Revolution of Digital Electronics in the world

by Uncategorized

Digital electronics is the branch of electronics that deals with digital signals or information, as opposed to analog signals. Digital electronics has revolutionized the world, making everything from computers to smartphones possible. It’s an essential part of our lives, and its impact will only continue to grow.

Digital electronics use binary digits (bits) to represent data or information. These bits can have only two possible values, 0 or 1, which can be represented physically by voltage levels or electrical charges. By using a series of bits, digital electronics can represent and manipulate a wide range of data and information, including text, images, and sound.

Digital electronics are also much more reliable and precise than analog electronics. Because digital signals are less affected by noise and interference, they can be transmitted over long distances without losing quality. In contrast, analog signals are often distorted by noise and interference, making them more difficult to work with.

Another advantage of digital electronics is their ability to process data and information quickly and accurately. Digital circuits can perform complex calculations and operations at high speeds, making them ideal for applications that require fast and efficient processing, such as computer systems, digital signal processing, and control systems.

One of the advantages of digital electronics is their reliability and precision. Digital signals are less affected by noise and interference, and they can be transmitted over long distances without losing quality. Digital circuits are also more flexible and versatile than analog circuits, as they can be easily reconfigured or updated to support new applications or features.

Some common digital electronic components include microprocessors, memory chips, digital-to-analog converters, and analog-to-digital converters. These components are used in a wide range of applications, including computer systems, digital cameras, and mobile devices.

Digital electronics have also enabled the development of many new technologies, including the internet, social media, and e-commerce. These technologies have transformed the way we communicate, work, and do business, making them an essential part of our daily lives.

In conclusion, digital electronics have revolutionized the world and will continue to shape the future. They offer reliability, precision, programmability, and versatility, making them a critical part of many modern technologies. From the devices we use every day to the infrastructure that supports our economy, digital electronics are an essential part of our world.

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শিডিউলিং

by Blog

শিডিউলিং 

অপারেটিং সিস্টেমে Scheduling একটি সারি থেকে একটি প্রক্রিয়া নির্বাচন করার প্রক্রিয়া। নির্বাহের জন্য এই প্রক্রিয়াতে CPU বরাদ্দ করা। অপারেটিং সিস্টেম এমনভাবে প্রক্রিয়াগুলি নির্ধারণ করে যাতে CPU নিষ্ক্রিয় না থাকে। 

অপারেটিং সিস্টেম শিডিউলিং সেই প্রক্রিয়াটিকে বোঝায় যার মাধ্যমে অপারেটিং সিস্টেম বিভিন্ন প্রক্রিয়া এবং কাজের জন্য CPU সময়, মেমরি এবং I/O ডিভাইসের মতো সংস্থানগুলি পরিচালনা করে এবং বরাদ্দ করে। সমস্ত প্রক্রিয়া এবং কাজগুলিকে সম্পদের ন্যায্য অংশ দেওয়া হয় এবং সিস্টেমটি প্রতিক্রিয়াশীল এবং দক্ষ থাকে তা নিশ্চিত করার জন্য এটি করা হয়। 

অপারেটিং সিস্টেম দ্বারা ব্যবহৃত বিভিন্ন সময়সূচী অ্যালগরিদম রয়েছে, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে: 

ফার্স্ট–কাম, ফার্স্ট–সার্ভড (FCFS): এটি হল সবচেয়ে সহজ শিডিউলিং অ্যালগরিদম, যেখানে প্রস্তুত সারিতে পৌঁছানোর প্রথম প্রক্রিয়াটি প্রথম কার্যকর করা হয়।

শর্টে স্ট জব ফার্স্ট (SJF): এই অ্যালগরিদমটি কার্যকর করার জন্য সবচেয়ে কম প্রত্যাশিত এক্সিকিউশন সময় সহ প্রক্রিয়াটি নির্বাচন করে। 

রাউন্ড রবি ন(Round Robin): এই অ্যালগরিদম প্রতিটি প্রক্রিয়ার জন্য একটি নির্দিষ্ট সময় স্লাইস (কোয়ান্টাম) বরাদ্দ করে, এবং প্রস্তুত সারির মধ্যে দিয়ে চক্রাকারে চলে, প্রতিটি প্রক্রিয়াকে নির্দিষ্ট সময়ের স্লাইসের জন্য চালানোর পালা দেয়। 

অগ্রাধি কার সময়সূচী(Priority Scheduling): এই অ্যালগরিদম প্রতিটি প্রক্রিয়ার জন্য একটি অগ্রাধিকার স্তর নির্ধারণ করে এবং সর্বোচ্চ অগ্রাধিকার সহ প্রক্রিয়াটিকে কার্যকর করার জন্য অগ্রাধিকার দেওয়া হয়। 

মাল্টি–লেভেল কিউ শিডিউলিং(Multilevel Queue Scheduling): এই অ্যালগরিদম প্রস্তুত সারিকে একাধিক স্তরে ভাগ করে, প্রতিটি স্তরের জন্য আলাদা অগ্রাধিকার স্তর নির্ধারণ করা হয়। 

মাল্টিলেভেল ফিডব্যাক কিউ শিডিউলিং(Multilevel Feedback Queue Scheduling): মাল্টিলেভেল কিউ শিডিউলিংয়ের মতো, কিন্তু প্রক্রিয়াগুলি তাদের আচরণের উপর ভিত্তি করে সারিগুলির মধ্যে স্থানান্তর করতে পারে। 

প্রতিটি শিডিউলিং অ্যালগরিদমের নিজস্ব শক্তি এবং দর্বুর্বলতা রয়েছে এবং অ্যালগরিদমের পছন্দ অপারেটিং সিস্টেমের নির্দিষ্ট প্রয়োজনীয়তা এবং এটি যে সিস্টেমে চলছে তার উপর নির্ভর করে। 

সময় নির্ধারণের Criteria হল সেই উপাদানগুলি যা একটি অপারেটিং সিস্টেমের সময়সূচী পরবর্তীতে কোন প্রক্রিয়াটি সম্পাদন করতে হবে তা নির্ধারণ করতে ব্যবহার করে। কিছুসাধারণ সময় নির্ধারণের Criteria মধ্যে রয়েছে: 

CPU Utilization: সময়সূচী চালানোর জন্য প্রস্তুত প্রসেসগুলি নির্বাচন করে সিপিইউকে যতটা সম্ভব ব্যস্ত রাখার চেষ্টা করে।

Response Time: Reসময়সূচী একটি প্রতিক্রিয়া তৈরি করতে একটি প্রক্রিয়ার জন্য যে সময় লাগে তা কমানোর চেষ্টা করে। 

Throughput: সময়সূচী প্রতি ইউনিট সময়ে সম্পন্ন হওয়া প্রক্রিয়াগুলির সংখ্যা সর্বাধিক করার চেষ্টা করে। Turnaround Time: সময়সূচী একটি প্রক্রিয়া সম্পূর্ণ হতে মোট সময় কমানোর চেষ্টা করে। 

Waiting Time: সময়সূচী প্রস্তুত সারিতে অপেক্ষা করার সময় একটি প্রক্রিয়া ব্যয় করার পরিমাণ কমানোর চেষ্টা করে। 

Fairness: সময়সূচী নিশ্চিত করার চেষ্টা করে যে প্রতিটি প্রক্রিয়া CPU সময়ের একটি ন্যায্য অংশ পায়। 

বিভিন্ন সময়সূচী অ্যালগরিদম এই বিভিন্ন মানদণ্ডের উপর বিভিন্ন মাত্রার গুরুত্ব রাখে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, রিয়েল-টাইম সিস্টেমগুলি প্রায়শই অন্যান্য সমস্ত মানদণ্ডের উপরে প্রতিক্রিয়া সময়কে অগ্রাধিকার দেয়, যখন ব্যাচ সিস্টেমগুলি থ্রুপুটকে অগ্রাধিকার দিতে পারে। একটি অপারেটিং সিস্টেমের নির্দিষ্ট প্রয়োজনীয়তা এবং এটি যে সিস্টেমে চলছে তা নির্ধারণ করবে কোন মানদণ্ড সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।র্ণ 

সামগ্রিকভাবে, অপারেটিং সিস্টেম শিডিউলিংয়ের লক্ষ্য হল সিস্টেমের কর্মক্ষর্ম মতা optimise করা এবং নিশ্চিত করা যে সমস্ত প্রক্রিয়া এবং কাজগুলি দক্ষতার সাথে এবং ন্যায্যভাবে সম্পাদিত হয়। 

কোন অপারেটিং সিস্টেম পরবর্তী এবং কতদিনের জন্য কোন প্রক্রিয়াটি সম্পাদন করা উচিত তা নির্ধারণ করতে সময় নির্ধারণের অ্যালগরিদম ব্যবহার করে। সময়সূচীর লক্ষ্য হল সিস্টেমের কর্মক্ষর্ম মতা optimise করা, যেমন থ্রুপুট সর্বাধিক করা এবং প্রতিক্রিয়া সময় কম করা। 

সোমা রানী দাস 

বিভাগীয় প্রধান 

ডিপার্টমেন্ট অফ কম্পিউটার টেকনোলজি